Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease. Among them, abnormal cholesterol, especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is the main pathogenic factor. Lowering cholesterol is the primary goal of lipid-lowering therapy . Active treatment measures should be taken for high cholesterol. At present, clinical treatment of high cholesterol mainly depends on statins. In terms of daily diet, people with high cholesterol should take the following measures:

　　 1. Eat less or not foods with high cholesterol content such as animal offal, egg yolk, etc., and control the intake of cholesterol in the diet (less than 300 mg). Cholesterol in the blood is mainly (70%) synthesized by the liver, and only a small part (30%) is derived from food, so simply reducing cholesterol intake cannot fundamentally treat high cholesterol, but controlling cholesterol intake in food is Lowering cholesterol is still helpful. According to the standards recommended by the American Heart Association, the daily intake of cholesterol should be less than 300 mg or less, and the cholesterol in 1 egg yolk is 250~290 mg; 2 The cholesterol content of the two boiled pork livers is as high as 469 Mg.

　　 2. Eat less fat and meat oil to reduce the intake of saturated fat. Saturated fats are widely found in meat, eggs, and dairy foods, especially fatty fat, meat oil, and viscera are the most saturated fats. Saturated fat has the effect of promoting the growth of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in blood, and its efficacy even exceeds cholesterol itself.

　　 3. Eat more vegetables, fruits, fungus and algae foods, such as konjac, fungus, kelp, seaweed, onion, pumpkin, sweet potato, etc. These foods are rich in dietary fiber to help excrete cholesterol. The main way for the body to excrete cholesterol is through bile, the liver uses cholesterol to synthesize cholic acid, bile acid is discharged into the gastrointestinal tract along with the bile and participates in the digestion of fat. Afterwards, part of the bile acid metabolite is reabsorbed back into the blood "waste utilization", the other part Bile acid metabolites are excreted with the feces. The role of dietary fiber is to absorb more bile acid metabolites, so that it is discharged rather than recycled. In this way, the liver has to use more cholesterol to synthesize cholic acid to supplement the loss of cholic acid. A large number of studies have confirmed that increasing the intake of dietary fiber has a definite effect of lowering cholesterol.

　　 4. The monounsaturated fatty acids contained in olive oil, tea oil, corn oil and rapeseed oil have the effect of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). It can be used with soybean oil, peanut oil and other vegetable oils in daily diet.

　　 5. Fish oil and lecithin have the effect of lowering blood lipids, but its effect is mainly for the increase of triglyceride, and the effect of lowering cholesterol is small (of course, it is still useful).

　　 6. Although vitamin C, vitamin E and other components with antioxidant effects can not directly reduce the cholesterol in the blood, but help reduce the harm of cholesterol to blood vessels.

Finally, it should be emphasized that, overall, the effect of dietary adjustments on lowering cholesterol is very limited. Cholesterol has a relatively large increase, or it has been combined with underlying diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc., you must use cholesterol-lowering drugs.