In the clinic, we found that half of the newborn babies will become yellow (60％ full term infants, 80％ premature infants). Such children are usually diagnosed as neonatal jaundice. The reason for yellow is due to the increased blood bilirubin concentration in the baby, so we are also called neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

　　 such a high incidence, is it Need active treatment?

　　In fact, most of the neonatal jaundice is physiological jaundice, that is to say, a physiological phenomenon that occurs specifically in the neonatal period, as the saying goes, "Moon nest yellow", No special treatment is required.

　　 Then parents may ask, what does it mean that no special treatment is needed? How can I judge whether the child is physiological or pathological? Pathological, how to treat it?

　　In case of physiological jaundice , Newborns are generally in good condition, full-term infants have jaundice 2-3 days after birth, peak at 4-5 days, can resolve within 5-7 days, and no more than two weeks at the latest; preterm infants have more jaundice than 3- Appears on 5 days, peaks on 5-7 days, subsides on 7-9 days, can be delayed up to 3-4 weeks, and neonatal blood bilirubin levels do not rise very quickly and total bilirubin levels are high At 85 μmoL/L and below 221 μmoL/L. During this period, parents must pay more attention to the child''s jaundice. Once they feel that the child''s jaundice develops very quickly, or there is no sign of fading for a long time, they must see a doctor in time.

　　Maybe some parents asked, you said these are too theoretical, we can’t take a blood test at home, it’s not practical at all. How to observe the child''s jaundice? What should I do if it gets worse? Let me introduce some simple and practical methods for parents'' reference.

　　1. Early-onset milk

　　Mothers in the puerperium should fully understand the importance of three early days (early contact, early sucking, early open milk): birth Open the milk within 30 minutes. Opening the milk will enable the newborn to get colostrum, thus reducing the physiological jaundice of the newborn. In daily feeding, pay attention to feeding milk as needed. In the stage of neonatal physiological jaundice, to ensure that the neonatal energy is adequately and early intake, it can make meconium excreted earlier, and establish normal intestinal flora, thereby reducing bile redness The absorption of vegan from the intestinal tract is beneficial to the resolution of neonatal jaundice. At the same time, sufficient water supply must be ensured to prevent the concentration of blood and increase the level of bilirubin.

　　2, more observation, diligent measurement

　　If the child is jaundiced after three days, visual observation, parents can observe the skin of the newborn under natural light The degree of yellowing, if it is just facial yellowing, is mild jaundice, you can continue to observe at home; if you find yellowing of the skin on the trunk, it is moderate jaundice; if the yellowing of the limbs, hands and feet also appears yellow, it is severe jaundice. It is time to go to the hospital for testing.

　　3, Blood test is not necessary for jaundice

　　When I go to the hospital, many parents are most afraid of taking blood for their children. In fact, in many cases, if the doctor feels that the child is not heavy, you can usually use a percutaneous lateral gallbladder

　　 instrument (this instrument is generally available in large hospitals) (the instrument can be touched on the skin). If it is very serious, you need to take blood test in time

　　4, pay attention to eating and drinking

　　In addition to the early-opening milk mentioned above, children with physiological jaundice, We usually advise parents

　　 to feed some glucose water (like the method of putting white sugar, there is no strict quantification, which acts as a diuretic): give the newborn enough water, because too little urine is not conducive to the excretion of bilirubin .

　　Feed some lactic acid bacteria preparations (such as mommy love, golden bifid, etc.): With the help of these drugs, the feces can be discharged as soon as possible. Because fetal stool contains a lot of bilirubin, if the fetus is not discharged, bilirubin will be reabsorbed into the blood through the special liver and intestinal circulation of the newborn, which will increase jaundice.

　　Feeding Chinese medicine (Yinzhihuang granules), that is, Yinchen extract 12g Gardenia extract 6.4g Baicalin 40g Honeysuckle extract 8g That is to say, Chinese medicine can be used to clear away heat and detoxify, and promote dampness and yellowness.

　　These methods are very safe, and can be used for early intervention for children with physiological jaundice.

　　5, Lhasa should observe

　　children with jaundice, in addition to eating and drinking, we must observe the color of stool and stool more; if the stool becomes terracotta, it should be considered Pathological jaundice is mostly caused by congenital biliary malformation; if you find that the diaper is stained with a particularly yellow color by urine, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible.

　　6. Nursing should be active

　　After the child is born, especially premature babies, many novice mothers will not feed and care. In addition to eating well, these children should touch their skin more, and they can also allow children to swim if possible. Studies have shown that the use of babies has a larger body surface area than adults, the skin is delicate, and the subcutaneous capillaries are rich. It can be promoted by swimming and spa exercises. Jaundice subsides, shortens the duration of jaundice, and reduces the effects of jaundice on the body.

　　7, prolonged jaundice without panic

　　physiological jaundice stage, usually about half a month to a month, due to various reasons, many children The time of sexual jaundice has been extended. At this time, it is necessary to actively go to the hospital for the doctor to check. It is necessary to tell parents that jaundice appears from the face and gradually spreads to the whole body, but when it fades, it reverses in the reverse order. That is to say, the child’s yellow face fades last, so many parents only Note that the child''s exposed face does not fade, and the heart is very nervous. In fact, as long as the body has basically faded, the problem is not serious, and some children''s facial can take more than a month to fade. But if you find that your child is all yellow, you must go to the hospital as soon as possible.

　　8. Pathological jaundice must be recognized:

　　 Under what circumstances is the child’s jaundice pathological? Should I be hospitalized in time?

　　Pathological jaundice has the following characteristics:

　　①The appearance of jaundice is too early, and it appears within 24 hours after birth.

　　②The time for the jaundice to subside is too late, and the duration is too long. It exceeds the normal time to subside, or the jaundice has subsided and appeared again, or the jaundice gradually receded after the peak time and gradually increased.

　　 ③The degree of jaundice is too heavy, often spreading all over the body, and the skin and mucous membranes are obviously yellow.

　　 ④When checking serum bilirubin, bilirubin exceeds 12mg/dl, or rises too fast, and rises more than 5mg/dl daily.

　　 ⑤ In addition to jaundice, it is accompanied by other abnormal conditions, such as mental fatigue, less crying, less movement, less eating or unstable body temperature. Pathological jaundice can be complicated by bilirubin encephalopathy, usually called "nucleus jaundice", causing damage to the nervous system, leading to serious sequelae such as mental retardation in children, and even death.

　　 Therefore, when a child has jaundice, if any of the above five aspects, it should be highly valued by parents, so that early detection of pathological jaundice for timely treatment.

　　 In short, in the face of jaundice, parents should pay attention not to be taken lightly. Under the guidance of a doctor, as long as correct feeding and reasonable care are given, most newborns can smoothly pass the jaundice period.