In clinical work, we often meet some children who have coughed for a long time. Parents always think that the child is a cough caused by a sore throat after a cold, so they give the child intermittently to eat different antibiotics, even to the child. Infusion, but I always feel that I can''t go to the "root". Soon, the child coughs again. What''s going on?

　　In fact, there are many reasons for coughing. It involves not only the respiratory system, but also some Otolaryngology, digestive system diseases, etc., we usually continue coughing time, with cough as the main manifestation The chest X-ray examination without obvious lesions is called chronic cough. (Duration of chronic cough , Pediatrics has not yet been defined. )Because children with chronic cough rarely have other accompanying symptoms and X-ray examination is normal, the rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment is quite high. Many children will be misdiagnosed as "interstitial pneumonia" or "bronchitis".

　　Here are some chronic coughs caused by relatively common diseases. Parents should check it out.

　　Post-nasal drip syndrome

　　This is due to nasal diseases that cause secretions to flow back to the back of the nose or throat, or back into the glottis and trachea And cause a cough. Common diseases in pediatrics are allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and adenoiditis.

　　In addition to cough and sputum, such children usually complain of flu in the throat, itchy nose, stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, etc.

　　Gastroesophageal reflux syndrome

　　Gastroesophageal reflux cough mostly occurs at night or shortly after sleep, paroxysmal cough, some children There are reflux symptoms such as acid reflux, vomiting, hiccups, heartburn, and indigestion. However, children, especially infants and young children, have atypical performances and often have prominent respiratory symptoms.

　　Cough variant asthma

　　This is a special type of bronchial asthma that is mainly coughing without typical symptoms and signs, because there is no obvious wheezing , Shortness of breath and other symptoms are easily misdiagnosed. Children mainly have irritated dry cough and cough at night. Colds, cold air, oil fumes, pollen season, etc. can easily induce coughing. Children who love eczema as a child and have a family of allergic constitutions (such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, urticaria) should be highly vigilant.

　　Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

　　 is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. After infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, all children have coughs, most of which are severe and intractable coughs, some Like a whooping cough-like spasm, about half of them can cough up to vomiting, facial puffiness, and nose, chest, and abdominal pain. Generally, it is dry cough at the beginning, and there may be purulent sputum in the later stage. 90% of those who coughed for at least 3 weeks. The airway weight, the lung signs are not obvious, and the chest radiograph shadow is the characteristic of this disease. There are reports that the positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with chronic cough disease is significantly higher than that in children with acute cough disease, indicating that Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the important causes of chronic cough in children.

　　Eosinophilic pneumonia

　　 is relatively rare. Some people think that eosinophilic pneumonia belongs to an allergic syndrome, which is characterized by lung infiltration accompanied by increased eosinophils in the peripheral blood. Most children have low fever, light cough, fatigue, and chest discomfort.

　　Cerebral palsy

　　Cerebral palsy (or brain dysplasia) causes children to cough for a long time in clinical is the most common, but it is the most likely to miss the disease . Because the brain is damaged and the regulation of the swallowing reflex and cough reflex is abnormal, this type of child is most likely to repeatedly choke and inhale and cause repeated respiratory infections and cough. However, in China, there are not many children diagnosed with cerebral palsy early, unless parents can only take the child to see a doctor when they can’t sit or even walk, but in normal times, they will never know that repeated coughing is due to brain damage caused.

　　Tuberculosis infection

　　Cough is one of the basic symptoms of tuberculosis in children. Tuberculosis is the disease with the highest fatality rate among infectious diseases in the world. In recent years, the incidence of tuberculosis among children has been increasing. From a global perspective, the control of tuberculosis is far from reaching the ideal goal. Therefore, for all children with chronic cough, especially some high-risk groups, even if there are no abnormal signs and lack of symptoms of tuberculosis poisoning, the diagnosis of tuberculosis should not be ignored.

　　Psychological cough

　　Psychological cough is caused by patients with psychological problems or deliberate clearing of the throat, usually seen in school-age children and children, and the incidence of girls is high For boys, a variety of psychosocial stressors can trigger or exacerbate coughing. These stressors include: school phobia, cognitive pressure on performance, and dependence on loved ones.It is characterized by irritating dry cough. When a friend is concerned, the symptoms are significantly worse, Disappeared during distraction or sleep.

　　Pertussis

　　 There are currently reported cases of cases, which are more common in children who have not received the Baibai vaccine, which is an acute type caused by Pertussis Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. The clinical feature is that the cough gradually worsens, which is typical of paroxysmal spastic cough. At the end of the cough, there is a deep, long-sounding chirp-like inspiratory roar, which lasts for 2 to 3 months.

　　Bronchial foreign bodies

　　Children with bronchial foreign bodies causing long-term cough are not uncommon, especially in children under three years old, some parents are neglected No obvious choking process was found in the child. When the child coughed, he was always treated according to a cold.

　　 In addition, many diseases such as drug-induced cough, congenital lung development malformations (including primary ciliary dysfunction), bronchial tumors, and cardiac insufficiency can also cause chronic cough.

　　 In short, when the child has a long-term cough that is not easy to control, as a parent, he must not be taken lightly, and the child should be taken to the hospital for some comprehensive and necessary examinations.