Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an unfamiliar concept for many people. Although it intersects with several diseases such as asthma and emphysema, it is not satisfactory to know the situation.

　　Dyspnea is a hallmark symptom

　　COPD is called "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" and is a preventable and treatable feature characterized by continuous airflow limitation disease. The disease develops progressively and is related to harmful gases such as tobacco smoke and harmful particles. COPD mainly affects the trachea and lungs, but it can also cause systemic adverse effects and there are many comorbidities. COPD is divided into stable phase and acute exacerbation phase. The severity of the patient''s condition is mainly related to acute exacerbation and comorbidities.

　　Environmental factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Long-term inhalation of harmful particles or harmful gases can cause chronic inflammation of the lungs and eventually lead to COPD. Among them, common harmful particles or harmful gases include smoking, passive smoking, air pollution, occupational dust, biofuel smoke, etc. In addition, the incidence of COPD also includes individual susceptibility factors.

　　Chronic cough, sputum, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, wheezing and chest tightness are common symptoms in the onset of COPD. If patients have these symptoms, they should seek medical treatment in a timely manner. In general, cough is usually the earliest symptom, and dyspnea is the hallmark of COPD, and it is also the main cause of anxiety. At the early stage of the disease, the patient will only experience breathing difficulties during physical work, and gradually increase it later , Later, shortness of breath occurs during daily activities and even during rest.

　　Misunderstanding: COPD is the same thing as emphysema and asthma

　　Positive solution: COPD and "asthma, emphysema" intersect, but it is not a disease

　　Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is often mistaken for diseases similar to asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. Zhang Xiaolei explained that these kinds of diseases are closely related and cross each other, but they are not a disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mainly emphasizes the symptoms of airflow limitation, that is, chest tightness and shortness of breath, and difficulty in breathing. Chronic bronchitis mainly emphasizes cough and sputum symptoms. If you cough for more than 3 months every year, you can diagnose it for more than 2 years. Emphysema mainly emphasizes lung morphological changes, including expansion of the air cavity and destruction of the tracheal structure. Similar to COPD, asthma is also a disease with restricted airflow. However, the airflow limitation of asthma is obviously reversible, and the patient is basically normal when there is no attack, which is different from COPD. There are also differences in the treatment of these types of diseases, so you should ask what kind of disease you are in the clinic, and you should not be confused.

　　Misunderstanding: no need to quit smoking intentionally, less smoking

　　Positive solution: once confirmed, quit smoking as soon as possible

　　Studies have shown that smoking is also used in patients with COPD The main cause of death. Quitting smoking can improve the prognosis of COPD patients and is also an important treatment for COPD. At present, all major hospitals have set up smoking cessation clinics. Through behavioral intervention and drug help, you can reduce withdrawal symptoms and improve the success rate of smoking cessation.

　　Misunderstanding: use the medicine as soon as it occurs, and stop the medicine if the symptoms are relieved

　　Recommendation: long-term and regular medicine

　　The treatment goal of COPD is to reduce the current symptoms and prevent Disease progression, prevent acute exacerbation. There are already a large number of safe, reliable, and inexpensive medicines available. These drugs mainly relieve the symptoms of dyspnea by reducing airway inflammation and dilating bronchial tubes. It is recommended that patients use these drugs for a long time and regularly, and they cannot stop the drugs on their own. In addition, persistent use of drugs can also prevent acute exacerbations.

　　Home Rehabilitation Ten Precautions

　　In addition to continuous medication, homeopathic recovery of COPD is also very important. Yang Ting reminded that he should pay attention to the following issues:

　　Avoid contact with harmful gases or particles: avoid contact with smoke and strong odors, and reduce the amount of going out and working in heavily polluted weather.

　　Relieve fatigue: walk slowly, avoid shortness of breath, and sit down to complete daily activities.

　　Exercise and exercise: control weight, improve breathing function, exercise in moderation.

　　Healthy diet: eat less, eat more, and drink more water to help discharge respiratory secretions.

　　Cold prevention: Keep away from people with colds and flu to prevent the growth of bacteria. Consult a doctor to get flu vaccine and pneumonia vaccine.

　　Relieve stress: You can practice qigong, yoga, etc., or listen to relaxing music, try to relax, etc.

　　 Reasonable medication: cooperate with the medical treatment plan formulated by the doctor, do not easily stop or reduce the amount of medication.