According to the 2015 China Cancer Statistics Report, cervical cancer ranks second among female-specific tumors, second only to breast cancer, and is the most common gynecological malignant tumor, and the age of onset is getting younger. According to information, the average age of onset of cervical cancer is from 45 years old 20 years ago to 45 years old. In 2015, there were an estimated 98,900 new cases of cervical cancer in China and 30,500 deaths. So is it necessary to hpv vaccine?

　　What is HPV virus

　　HPV virus is the abbreviation of human papilloma virus. It belongs to a spherical DNA virus that can cause the proliferation of squamous epithelium of human skin and mucous membranes. About 170 types of HPV have been identified. At the same time, the virus only invades humans, and can enter the genitals, mouth, or throat during sexual or oral sex, which can lead to infection. Therefore, in the female group of 18 to 24 years old who have not had sex, the probability of being infected with the virus is very low .

　　What is the HPV vaccine

　　The best way to prevent HPV infection is not to contact any genitals, but this is very difficult to do, even Wearing a condom, areas not covered by condoms may also cause infection. According to calculations, if a girl changes a boyfriend a year in college, the probability of being infected with HPV upon graduation exceeds 85％.

　　The role of HPV vaccine

　　HPV vaccine can prevent a series of diseases caused by human papillomavirus (ie H PV ), it can reduce 70％The risk of cervical cancer in women is generally recognized internationally, HPV The vaccine has a preventive effect on 9-45-year-old women. If women can be injected with HPV vaccine before their first sex, it will reduce the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions of 80％—90％ . At the same time, it can also reduce the percentage of HPV type 6 and 11 virus infections that cause genital warts in men and women. For men, injection of this vaccine may also reduce the risk of anal cancer and penile cancer.

　　How long is the period of validity

　　Some studies have shown that it still has protective effects 4 to 5 years after the HPV vaccine is vaccinated, but after all, compared with other vaccines, The vaccine has a short time to market, and its long-term effectiveness requires long-term observation and further research to confirm. However, it should be noted that even women who have received the HPV vaccine cannot prevent all types of HPV that cause cervical cancer. Therefore, after vaccination, regular medical examination and screening should be done .

　　Before 30 years old, after sexual life, liquid-based cytology (TCT) screening should be performed every 1 to 2 years. If the TCT result is normal, you can wait for the next screening; HPV every 3 years Joint screening with TCT. Women who are 65 to 70 years old can stop screening if there are no abnormalities in 3 or more consecutive cytological examinations in the past 10 years.

　　What kind of person is suitable for injection

　　9-26 women, those who have no sexual experience are better. People who have sex but who are not infected with HPV have the same effect as those who did not have HPV. At the same time, for the health of themselves and their families, it is recommended that men should also be vaccinated against HPV.

　　The American Advisory Committee on Immunization (ACIP) gives more detailed recommendations:

　　Children over 9 years old can be vaccinated;

　　age 11 Children -12 years of age should receive a four-valent HPV vaccination;

　　People aged 13-21 years old can also be vaccinated if they have not been vaccinated in the past or if they have not completed 3 series of vaccination; < /p>

　　22-26 year-old men can also receive vaccinations;

　　men who have sex with men and immunodeficiency persons, if they are not over 26 years old, their application is recommended. Price vaccine.

　　HPV vaccine side effects

　　No long-term side effects have been found clinically. The more common side effects are bloating, redness, headache, dizziness, nausea, or mild fever at the injection site, but they are mild and short-lived. They usually disappear on their own within a few hours or days. But there are reports that there were 31,741 people who received the Gardasil vaccine in the United States in 2013 Harmful reactions (including headache, nosebleeds, dizziness) in 6248 cases, permanent injuries (hemiparalysis, occasional fainting, etc.) and 144 deaths.

　　Although the HPV vaccine is launched domestically, the vaccination will no longer go abroad, Hong Kong, but the specific whether individuals can be vaccinated, according to their own situation, in addition, please adapt to the vaccine before the vaccination, safety To understand sex and effectiveness, do not blindly vaccinate.