Pharmaceutical articles

　　Essence of asthma is non-specific chronic inflammation of the airway, which can cause cough, wheezing, chest tightness and other airflow obstruction symptoms during its onset. The goal of asthma treatment is to achieve and maintain clinical control. The drugs for treating asthma are divided into relief drugs and control drugs.

　　Relief medications are on demand The drugs used can quickly relieve clinical symptoms. Control drugs should be used for a long time to achieve asthma control through anti-inflammatory effects.

　　Relief drugs are available

　　①Inhaled fast-acting β2 receptor agonist: the most commonly used drug during asthma attacks, mainly for the relief of acute exacerbation of asthma, the commonly used drug is albuterol aerosol (Vantolin) and terbutaline (asthromycin), which take effect quickly after inhalation, should be used as needed with the minimum dose and the minimum number of times required, and the drug can be discontinued after the symptoms are relieved.

　　②Aerosolized inhalation drugs: In the hospital, the air compression pump can be used to inhale budesonide (Pulmicort Shu) and Boliconi atomized suspension, which can also quickly relieve asthma attacks.

　　③Short-acting theophylline can relieve the symptoms of asthma. Because the therapeutic amount of theophylline is close to the amount of poisoning, it has been rarely used.

　　 ④ Systemic glucocorticoid: It can prevent the exacerbation of asthma. The commonly used drug is intravenous methylprednisolone, which can improve the severity of asthma after treatment. The course of treatment is 3 to 5 days.

　　Asthma control drugs are available

　　①Inhaled glucocorticoid (ICS) It is the most effective anti-inflammatory drug that can relieve asthma symptoms and improve lung function. Commonly used drugs are fluticasone propionate (prosulone) and budesonide (primicil) aerosols. Inhaled ICS is currently the most effective drug for the treatment of asthma. There are no obvious side effects for long-term treatment and it does not affect the growth and development of children. It should be promoted vigorously . Long-term use can also achieve clinical "cure" for many children.

　　②Inhaled ICS combined with long-acting β2 receptor agonist (LABA): At present, this combination therapy is the first choice for asthma treatment. Combination therapy can improve the effectiveness of asthma treatment, reduce drug side effects, and make more children Achieve asthma control soon. Commonly used drugs are the combination form of formoterol and budesonide (Sinbeco) and the combination of salmeterol and fluticasone (sulide).

　　③Leukotriene modulators: Leukotriene modulators exert anti-inflammatory effects by antagonizing inflammatory mediators, in addition to mild bronchiectasis, can relieve symptoms, improve lung function, reduce Acute attack of asthma. The commonly used drug is montelukast sodium (shunning), which is administered orally, is more convenient to use, has no obvious side effects, and has a good effect on exercise-induced asthma.

　　 ④Long-acting theophylline has a certain anti-inflammatory effect in a small dose. It can also be used as a control drug. It can be used alone or in combination with ICS. The commonly used drug is doxofylline. Children''s behavior is abnormal, and it is rarely used for a long time.

　　Once the child has been diagnosed with asthma, the specific medication plan should be based on the child''s specific condition and lung function to develop a reasonable treatment plan, so it is best to find the nearest asthma specialist to show the child, and the most It is good to establish a file with the doctor, and at the same time, the parents keep a child''s growth diary and long-term follow-up, which is the key to treatment. As long as the regular medication (the drug is gradually reduced) is about 2 years, most children can achieve clinical cure or even complete recovery .