In orthopedics clinics, there are often some elderly people who had no serious trauma but had fractures.

　　 remember the most typical An example is a few years ago, when I received an old lady in the emergency department of orthopedics, the patient had to lie down when he came. At first, everyone thought that the old lady was not badly injured and quickly rushed up to prepare for the first aid. However, he found that the old man showed no signs of trauma. After careful inquiry, I realized that the old man was choked with dust when he was sorting out his old clothes at home, and suddenly his back pain was so bad that he could not sit down even if he stood, and the family did not know what was going on. The car came to the hospital for emergency treatment. Later, after examination, it was found that the old lady had a compressive fracture in her thoracic spine. I still remember how the patient’s family was surprised when they learned of the fracture—doctor, did you get it right? He broke the bone with a cough?

　　In fact, based on my clinical experience of spine surgery, For the elderly with osteoporosis, it’s still quite dynamic to have a broken bone after a cough. An elderly man, after releasing his hand in the bathroom at home, bent down and gently pressed the toilet switch, his waist couldn’t move, and he was eventually injured. It was proved to be a vertebral compression fracture, which turned out to be so severe as osteoporosis.

　　Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and degraded microstructure of bone, resulting in increased brittleness of the bone and prone to fractures. The main manifestation is calcium deficiency, and it is most likely to occur in middle-aged and elderly people, especially postmenopausal women. The disease is characterized by:

　　 (1) The decrease in bone mass should include a reduction in bone mineral and bone matrix.

　　 (2) The microstructure of the bone is degenerated, which is manifested by the thinning, thinning, or even fracture of the trabecular bone. Clinically, the whole body has bone soreness and limb weakness.

　　 (3) The strength of bone decreases and brittleness increases, making it difficult to bear the original load. Compressed spinal fractures, wrist fractures, and proximal femoral fractures occurred.

　　 (4) X-ray photographs, light microscope pathology films, electron microscope micrographs, and the use of bone morphometry methods can all be found in bone tissue morphological structure and changes in bone mass.

　　 (5) Bone mass reduction, bone calcium dissolution, and spine compression fractures, resulting in the appearance of "kyphosis".